![]() Do not use an Oxford Academic personal account. When on the institution site, please use the credentials provided by your institution.Select your institution from the list provided, which will take you to your institution's website to sign in.Click Sign in through your institution.Shibboleth / Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution’s website and Oxford Academic. ![]() This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account.Ĭhoose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways: Get help with access Institutional accessĪccess to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. The chapter also suggests that in Senegal, with its clericalized marabout system, the democratic liberalization of the public sphere has brought significant transformations in the religious domain that could be identified as “democratization of religion,” and that this phenomenon is spreading to Niger and Mali as the two nations currently experience the emergence of numerous religious associations. These newly liberalized nations allowed for the organization and mobilization of new, empowered social groups whose efforts to exert control over the political agenda shaped the outcomes of social reform. ![]() It seeks to place Senegal's supposed “exceptionalism” in a comparative regional perspective by examining the democratic developments of two of its neighbors, Mali and Niger, which both followed the model of postindependence authoritarianism with single party regimes that gave way to military governments, and were toppled by popular mobilization. This concluding chapter looks into Senegal's role in relation to the future of democracy in the Muslim world.
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